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Update section headers in RTL8221B application note
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@ -3,14 +3,14 @@ Warning! AI generated.
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The RTL8226B/RTL8221B SerDes Mode Setting Flow Application Note (Version 2.4) is essentially a "recipe book" for register writes. It moves away from the static descriptions found in the datasheet and provides state-machine logic that a driver must follow to ensure link stability.
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Here are the specific sequences covered in that document:
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SerDes Interface Mode Switching
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# SerDes Interface Mode Switching
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This is the most important sequence. It explains how to move the PHY between different host-side protocols. The document specifies that you cannot just change a bit; you must follow a "Teardown and Rebuild" flow:
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- The Flow: Power down SerDes $\rightarrow$ Change SDS_MODE_SEL (0x6A04) $\rightarrow$ Toggle PLL_RST $\rightarrow$ Wait for PATCH_READY status $\rightarrow$ Power up SerDes.
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- Modes Covered: SGMII (1.25G), HiSGMII (3.125G), 2500Base-X, and 10G-Lite (for 5G/10G variants).
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Rate Adapter (RA) Initialization
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# Rate Adapter (RA) Initialization
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Since 10M, 100M, and 1000M traffic is physically sent over a 2.5G SerDes lane, the PHY must "stuff" the extra bandwidth with dummy bits.
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@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Step 2: Configure RA Mode and Speed
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Register: MMD 31, 0x6F11, Bit 15 (RA_EN): Must be 1 to enable the adapter, Bit 5 (RA_FIX_2500): Must be 1. This forces the Rate Adapter to always output 2.5G towards the MAC, regardless of the copper link speed. Value: 0x8020 (Standard for most 2.5G designs).
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Thermal Sensor Calibration and Monitoring
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# Thermal Sensor Calibration and Monitoring
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The Application Note provides the "Enablement Flow" that is often missing from the generic datasheet:
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@ -46,11 +46,12 @@ The RTL822x series can be power-hungry. The note includes a sequence for Low Pow
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- Voltage Adjustment: How to trim the internal LDO via 0x6601 to reduce heat if the PCB trace length allows for lower signal amplitude.
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- EEE (Energy Efficient Ethernet): The sequence to advertise and negotiate LPI (Low Power Idle) states.
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Signal Integrity Tuning (The "Eye" Diagram)
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# Signal Integrity Tuning (The "Eye" Diagram)
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For hardware engineers, the document provides sequences to adjust the analog physical layer:
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- Pre-emphasis: How to boost high-frequency signals for long backplanes.
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- Tx Amplitude: Adjusting the millivolt swing of the SerDes differential pairs.
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Auto-Downspeed (Reliability Flow)
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# Auto-Downspeed (Reliability Flow)
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A unique sequence that tells the PHY to automatically drop the link speed if the cable quality is poor or if the temperature exceeds a specific threshold (OTPS - Over Temperature Protection System).
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